Notes:

NOTE 1./ Postulation by Robert Millie 2-2-2003

The connection between the Millie's and Jacobs may well have originated between Henry Thomas Beale Millie, Harry WR Millies father, and either/both George and John David Jacobs, Daisy's grandfather and father. There are two possible links thus far.

1./ All 3 of HTB Millie and George and John David Jacobs were members of the 7th Fusiliers that participated in the Riel Rebellion mustered out of London Ontario. (I need to include this additional information even though no one asked for this when I offered it before. This is the link that describes in full the journey that these 3 ancestors encountered in 1885, even if they did not see any military action. If you don't read it or print it out you may want to bookmark it, to later get an actual feel for their lives in 1885 including the accolades of the supportive crowds as they left on their journey. ) Alexander Campbell's An Acount of the Advance of the 7th Fusiliers of London ....... I don't recall the mention of the number of men involved in this troop movement, but they spent from April till July of 1885 together, and at minimum knew each other by face.

2./ From the Grant Thompson album, the detailed obit of George Jacobs titled "George Jacobs dies; Served the empire in many campaigns", the 2nd paragraph 2/3 of the way down. The statement is made " For a considerable period he was employed at the old Grand Trunk carshops here".

The following e mail will include an attached adobe acrobat v 5.0 document that is a listing from the 1913 London City telephone directory. It lists HTB, Harry, and an additional daughter/sister, Ethel, all living at 928 Princess Ave. { Notice that there are no telephone numbers .......'This is your Operator"}. The interesting point of fact here is that Henry T Millie's occupation is listed as Clerk, at the Grand Trunk Railroad .......... while George was employed at the old Grand Trunk carshops ( from above)

That's all I got for now, save for the fact that it was on a Grand Trunk railway car that the 7th Fusiliers started their journey west in 1885. Makes you wonder how Harry and Daisy ever got together. RAMillie

NOTE2./ 1911 London, Middlesex, Ontario census

Name: Margarite Jacobs
Gender: Female
Marital Status: Single
Age: 18
Birth Date: Jul 1892
Birthplace: Ontario
Family Number: 7
Relation to Head of House: Daughter
Father's Name: John D
Mother's Name: Araminta
Tribal: English
Province: Ontario
District: London City
District Number: 94
Sub-District: London
Sub-District Number: 43
Place of Habitation: 864 William
Census Year: 1911
Page: 1

Household Members: Name Age
John D Jacobs 44
Araminta Jacobs 44
Margarite Jacobs 18
Lily Jacobs 16
Winifred Jacobs 11
George Jacobs 8

NOTE 3./ Marriage Details
Name: Harry Wm Fredk Millie
Birth Place: London
Age: 21
Father Name: Henry T B Millie
Mother Name: Grace Edith Melmer Millie
Estimated birth year: abt 1893
Spouse Name: Marguerite Jacobs
Spouse's Age: 20
Spouse Birth Place: London
Spouse Father Name: John D Jacobs
Spouse Mother Name : Arminta (Minnie) Gardiner Jacobs
Marriage Date: 28 Jan 1914
Marriage Place: Middlesex
Marriage County: Middlesex
Source: Indexed by: Ancestry.com

NOTE 3./ Historical Perspective: The Year Was 1893

The year was 1893 and it marked the beginning of a four-year-long depression in the United States, known as "The Panic of 1893." Britain and Europe’s economic woes preceded troubles in the U.S. and led to a reduction in investments in the United States. Economic policy, with heavy reliance on the gold standard, also contributed to the depression, as did the overproduction of agricultural products from a growing farm belt. Farmers had been moving westward with the new ability to transport produce via expanded rail systems and the additional goods drove market prices down. The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad collapsed in February and more than 15,000 companies and 500 banks would follow leading to a sharp rise in unemployment. Double-digit unemployment rates peaked at an estimated 18 percent in 1894 and would remain through the crisis.
Despite financial troubles, the country put on its best face as the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 opened in Chicago, Illinois. More than 27 million visitors attended this world-class event, taking advantage of railroads to converge on Chicago to explore the various venues filled with the latest mechanical innovations, agricultural advances, and cultural treasures. Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show thrilled audiences as food and exhibits from around the world amazed spectators.
In Colorado, women won the right to vote by election and New Zealand became the first self-governing country to grant women's suffrage.
The independent Kingdom of Hawaii was invaded by United States Marines in 1893 and its Queen Lili'uokalani surrendered her throne to a provisional government made up of white sugar plantation owners.

Marguerite married Harry William Frederick MILLIE on 26 Jan 1914 in Church of the Redeemer, London, Middlesex, Ontario. Harry (son of Sargeant Henry Thomas Beale MILLIE and Grace Edith MELMER) was born on 27 May 1893 in London , Ontario, Canada,; died on 02 Mar 1918 in London, Ontario, Canada; was buried on 05 Mar 1918 in London, Ontario, Woodland Cemetary M, 82 - NE. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. John Henry MILLIE was born on 01 Mar 1915 in London, Ontario, Canada; died on 23 Mar 1984 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada,; was buried on 27 Mar 1984 in Sanctuary Park Cemetery, Weston, Ontario, Canada.
2. Living MILLIE

Notes:

NOTE 1./ 1891 London City, Middlesex, Ontario census,

Name: John T Jacobs
Gender: Male
Marital Status: Single
Age: 23
Birth Year: abt 1868
Birthplace: Ontario
Relation to Head of House: Head
Religion: Church of England
French Canadian: No
Father's Birth Place: England
Mother's Birth Place: England
Province: Ontario
District Number: 89
District: London City
Subdistrict: Ward 4
Archive Roll #: T-6352

Household Members: Name Age
John T Jacobs 23
Elizabeth A Jacobs 43
Annie Jacobs 22
Mary Jacobs 20
Jane Jacobs 18
Lily Jacobs 14

NOTE 2./ 1901 Census of Canada : ONTARIO: London City

Family Name Sex Colour Relationship Single/married, DOB Age at last birthday
199 Jacobs John D M Head M Nov 21 1867 33
199 Jacobs Asminta(?) F Wife M Oct 13 1867 33
199 Jacobs Margareta F Daughter S Jul 14 1893 7
199 Jacobs Lillian F Daughter S Apr 28 1876 5
199 Jacobs Agnes W F Daughter S Jun 7 1899 1

Name: John D Jacobs
Gender: Male
Marital Status: Married
Age: 33
Birth Date: 21 Nov 1867
Birthplace: Ontario
Relation to Head of House: Head
Spouse's Name: Arminta
Racial or Tribal Origin: English
Nationality: Canadian
Religion: Church Of England
Occupation: Iron Moulder
Province: Ontario
District: London (City/Cité)
District Number: 86
Sub-District: London
Sub-District Number: D-7
Family Number: 199
Page: 19

Household Members: Name Age
John D Jacobs 33
Arminta Jacobs 33
Margarete Jacobs 7
Lillian Jacobs 15
Agnes W Jacobs 1

NOTE 3./ 1911 London, Middlesex, Ontario census,
Name: John D Jacobs
Gender: Male
Marital Status: Married
Age: 44
Birth Date: Nov 1866
Birthplace: Ontario
Family Number: 7
Relation to Head of House: Head
Spouse's Name: Araminta
Tribal: English
Province: Ontario
District: London City
District Number: 94
Sub-District: London
Sub-District Number: 43
Place of Habitation: 864 William
Census Year: 1911
Page: 1

Household Members: Name Age
John D Jacobs 44
Araminta Jacobs 44
Margarite Jacobs 18
Lily Jacobs 16
Winifred Jacobs 11
George Jacobs 8

NOTE 4./ Author's insight by Bob Millie

Henry Thomas Beale Millie (HTB) and George Jacobs (As well as John David Jacobs) all went to the Riel Rebellion together, leaving out of London Ontario between April 1-7, 1885. HTB and George both later worked for the Grand Trunk railway (Now Canadian Pacific) after they returned from the West. It is undetermined whether they were employed at the same time or not, and for both men it was only a short time of employment, as HTB reinlisted and George went onto McCreary's Department store, or his Police work.
Sadly, HTB's son, Harry William Robert Millie, went to work for the Grand Trunk as a brakeman, and bled to death at age 25, after having one leg severed by a train car wheel. Daisy never remarried. HTB Millie died 3 months later of gangrene.
The uncanny parallel continues here. Captain George William Jacobs was invalided home from Britain during WW II in May 1943 on the maiden voyage of the Lady Nelson, Canada's first Hospital ship. George William Jacobs dies October 11, 1943, and his father, John David Jacobs passes on November 18, 1943. Only 37 days apart.
What else was similar ??? George Jacobs was 5' 4" tall and HTB was 5' 7" tall.

NOTE 5./ HISTORICAL REFERENCE

"The Atlanta Constitution" (Atlanta, Georgia), 15 December 1901, page 3:
MARCONI SPEEDS MESSAGES ACROSS ATLANTIC OCEAN

From Newfoundland to Cornwall Italian Inventor Sends Message Without Wires.

St. Johns, N.F., December 14. Signor Marconi announced the most wonderful scientific discovery of modern times tonight in stating that he had received electric signals across the Atlantic ocean from his station in Cornwall, England. He explains that before leaving England he made plans for accomplishing this result, for while his primary object was to communicate with ocean liners in mid-ocean he hoped also to succeed in attaining the wonderful scientific achievement of wireless telegraphy across the Atlantic.

Signor Marconi's station in Cornwall is most powerful. He has an electric force, generated there, a hundred times greater than at his ordinary stations. Before he left England he arranged that the electrician in charge of the station which is located at Poldhu, should begin sending signals daily after a certain date, which Signor Marconi would cable him after having perfected his arrangements here.

Signor Marconi arrive here a week ago Friday, selected Signal Hill, at the entrance to the harbor, as an experimenting station and moved his equipment there. Last Monday he cabled to the Poldhu station to begin sending signals at 3 p.m. daily and to continue until 6 p.m. these hours being respectively 11:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m., St. Johns time. During these hours Wednesday Signor Marconi elevated the kite with an aerial wire by means of which signals are sent or received. He remained at the recorder attached to the receiving apparatus and to his profound satisfaction signals were received by him at intervals, according to the programme arranged previously with the operator at Poldhu.

These signals consisted of repeating at intervals the letter "s" which, in Marconi's code is made by three dots, or quick strokes. This signal was repeated so frequently and so in accordance with the plan, arranged to provide safeguards against the possibility of a mistake, that Signor Marconi was satisfied that it was a genuine transmission from England. . .

John married Arminta GARDINER on 05 Oct 1892 in Memorial Church, London, Middlesex, Ontario. Arminta (daughter of William Fitch GARDINER and Agnes SISSON) was born on 13 Oct 1867 in Bethany, Durham County, Ontario; died on 04 Jun 1949 in London , Ontario; was buried on 04 Jun 1949 in London , Ontario, Canada, Woodland P, 344 - NE. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

NOTE 1./ Ontario, Canada Marriages

Name: John David Jacobs
Birth Place: London Ontario
Age: 25
Father Name: George Jacobs
Mother Name: Elizabeth Jacobs
Estimated birth year: abt 1867
Spouse Name: Arminda Gardier
Spouse's Age: 25
Spouse Birth Place: Bethany Ont
Spouse Father Name: William Gardier
Spouse Mother Name : Agnes Gardier
Marriage Date: 5 Oct 1892
Marriage Place: Middlesex
Marriage County: Middlesex

Notes:

NOTE 1:/
Genealogy.com Posting

JACOBSES and ERSKINES of Oxen, Eng
Posted by: James Wesley Johnson Date: November 07, 1998 at 18:50:04

My great-great-grandfather was George Jacobs, born April 28, 1841, died January 1929. I don't have handy where in England he was from, but he was in the 4th Battalion of the Kings Royal Rifles. He was stationed at one time or another in New Brunswick, India, Ireland, etc. He settled in London, Ontario, where he was well known. I have a JPG of a medal he won for a shooting contest. I have copies of his obituary.

What is interesting is his wife: Elizabeth Eleanor Erskine, born March 22, 1848 in Banbury, OXEN, England. The Erskine and Jacobs families stayed in London, Ontario for generations. I have quite a bit of stuff on them from my Greataunt Alice Thompson Jorgenson, who kept family tree data on them. I noticed the "OXEN" in your message, and the Ontario, Canada.

Jim Johnson

Daisy's father was John David Jacobs b. November 21, 1867, London Ontario, d. November 20, 1943 London, Ontario, Woodland P, 344 - NE. Her grandfather George Jacobs b. April 28 1841, Sunbury, ( Hanworth), Middlesex County, England, d. January 09, 1929, Woodland, London (Section P,R) Middlesex London MX-152-6.

NOTE 2:/
by Bob Millie 3-28- 02 in e-mail to cousins

I mention these two fellows, because it seems that George was career military. First with the British 4th Battalion of the Kings Royal Rifles 1858 - 1881. He served in London Ontario during the "US War of Northern Aggression" (Yes, I am Southernized) to protect her Majesty's Canadian interests, then in England and India. When he left the British Army he returned to London Ontario, where George and his 16 year old son John David, enlisted in the Canadian Army's 7th Fusiliers to participate in the Riel Rebellion of Saskatchewan. George was appointed Sergeant, and Jack was directly under his father's command. Well, ole HTB Millie and these two fellows road the Grand Trunk railway out of London headed to the Riel Rebellion and spent the next 4 months with each other. I have no idea how large that contingent was, but at the minimum they saw each other. Low and behold, some time after they returned, HTB was a clerk at the Grand Trunk Railroad in 1913, (info courtesy of David Thompson) , while George was "employed at the Grand Trunk carshops" (London Free Press) Even later HTB reinlisted while George went onto McClary Mfg Co. I do have a feeling however, that HTB's son Harry William Robert, and Georges grandaughter Marguerite "Daisy" Jacobs met due to one or both of these associations of parents/grandfather.

NOTE 3:/
Woodland Cemetery, ROW 3 SECTION P (Charcoal Granite Stone) reads: George Jacobs born Apr 28, 1841- died Jan 11, 1929his wife Elizabeth Eleanor Erskine, born March 22, 1848, died Feb 8, 1932. John David Jacobs died Nov 18, 1943/age 76 years, beloved husband of Arminita Gardiner/1867-1949 f.s. DAD, FATHER & MOTHER. (back of stone) Lily Jacobs born Aug 22, 1878-died Feb 22, 1903. Annie Eleanor Jacobs/ 1869-1943, wife of Alexander C. Thompson/ 1862-1946.

NOTE 4./
The following historical plaque is Located In Victoria Park, bounded by Dufferin Ave., Central, Wellington & Clarence Streets, in London, Ontario, Canada:

THE BRITISH GARRISON IN LONDON
In one of several concentrations of British troops in Upper Canada various infantry and artillery units were stationed on a military reserve here during the mid-19th century. The garrison, which contributed significantly to the economic growth of London, was first established in 1839 to guard against border raids following the Rebellion of 1837. Although its troops were withdrawn in 1853 to serve in the Crimean War, and military duties were assumed by pensioners, it was re-occupied by British regulars in 1862 when the American Civil War posed a threat to the province. To help repulse an expected invasion of Fenians, militant Irish sympathizers, the garrison remained active until 1868. Six years later, this part of the old military reserve was set aside as Victoria Park.

George Jacobs was a member of the aformentioned British Army regiment, posted in London Ontario, because of tension resulting from the US Civil War. He also participated in the only battle between the United States and Canada, aka, The Fenian Raids, which resulted in the defeat of the Irish Americans coming out of Vermont, and a victory for Canada.

NOTE 5./ 1841 Hanworth Middlesex England census,
Name Estimated Birth Year Birthplace Civil Parish County/Island
John Jacobs abt 1801 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex
Mary Jacobs abt 1803 Hanworth Middlesex
Katherine Jacobs abt 1837 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex
Phoebe Jacobs abt 1839 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex
George Jacobs abt 1841 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex.

1841 Census Hanworth in Pantile Row (LDS film HO/107/718)
John Jacobs aged 40 Born In County
Mary Jacobs aged 38
Katherine Jacobs aged 4
Phoebe Jacobs aged 2
George Jacobs aged 6 weeks

NOTE 6./
1851 Census Hanworth (LDS film HO/107/1696) Folio 164
John Jacobs Head m aged 51 Ag Lab born Hanworth
Mary Jacobs Wife m aged 47 born Hants Old Basing
George Jacobs son aged 9 born Hanworth
Henry Jacobs son aged 6 born Hanworth
Edward Jacobs son aged 3 born Hanworth
Elizabeth Craft stepdau aged 24 born Hampton
Joseph Craft Stepson aged 19 Ag Lab born Hanworth
Mary Foster Stepdau aged 27 born Hampton
William Foster Step grandson aged 6 weeks born Hounslow

NOTE 7./
1871 St Botolph Essex, England census

Name Age in 1871 Birthplace Relationship Civil Parish County
George Jacobs 29 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Head St Botolph Essex
Elizabeth Jacobs 23 Banbury, Oxfordshire, England Wife St Botolph Essex
John H Jacobs 3 Canada Son St Botolph Essex
Annie E Jacobs 2 St John, New Brunswick Dau St Botolph Essex
Mary L Jacobs <6 Mo Colchester, Essex, England Dau St Botolph Essex

NOTE 8./
London City, Ontario Census, 1901
Name: George Jacobs
Place: London City
Film: T-6480
Ward: 4
Div: 1
Page: 3
Entry: 5
Family: 23
Rel to Head: Head
Birthdate: Apr 28, 1841
Birthplace: England
Immigration: 1861

Family Name Sex Colour Relationship Single/married, DOB Age at last birthday
23 Jacobs George M Head M Apr 28 1841 59
23 Jacobs Elizabeth E F Wife M Mar 22 1848 53
23 Jacobs Mary L F Daughter S Oct 20 1870 30
23 Jacobs Jane E F Daughter S Aug 11 1872 28
23 Erskine Jane F Sister S Feb 4 1859 43

NOTE 9./

Fenian Raid (1866): Fenians is the name of the old Irish National Militia. After the Civil War in the USA, the American Fenians were bolstered by Civil War mercenaries. In need of something to occupy this large force, John O'Neil crossed the Niagara River, captured Fort Erie, and made his headquarters at Limeridge. The Fenians defeated a unit of the Canadian Militia at Ridgeway, but withdrew to the USA when a stronger force was sent to the area. President Johnson had many of the Fenians arrested.

Fenian Raid (1870): On 26 May 1870, O'Neil again crossed the border near Franklin, Vermont, but was forced back quickly and again arrested.

NOTE 10./ The Fenian Raid(s) of Upper and Lower Canada <>

Fenianism was the name given to the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). It is the English version of the Gaelic 'Na Fianna', a term which refers to the ancient protectors of the Ard Ri (High King). The IRB was formed in 1858 in Ireland, with a mandate to create a free and independent Ireland. In North America the IRB was led by John O'Mahony, a veteran of the 1848 Irish insurrection. Membership in the USA included thousands of Irish Brigade, Union and Confederate army veterans.

In October of 1865 at a convention in Philadelphia, USA, John O'Mahony lost his dictatorship over the IRB. William Randall Roberts of New York (born in Cork) was elected Chief Executive of the Senate. Cork born Major-General 'Fighting Tom' Sweeny of the Mexican War and American Civil War fame was appointed Secretary of War. Attending the convention, and claiming to represent 125,000 British North American members, was Michael Murphy of Toronto. The seed was planted at this meeting to strike Great Britain's Achilles' heel. Sweeny was charged with developing a plan to secure an independent territory for Ireland where an ‘Irish Republic in exile’ would be established and used as a bargaining chip to free Ireland, similar to what was done in Texas by the USA.

Sweeny devised a plan which involved three striking forces. One was to be led by Brigadier Charles Tevis whose 3,000 men would assemble in Chicago and advance to Stratford (between Detroit/Windsor and Toronto). Another 5,000 men would be led by Brigadier William F. Lynch and would cross in two groups. One from Cleveland to Port Stanley joining the first at London (Upper Canada - Ontario). The other, crossing at Buffalo to secure Hamilton. These two forces would create a threat to Toronto, the capital of British North America, causing the British to send all their forces to the area in defense. Information gathered by the IRB suggested there were 8,000 regular and 20,000 militia men in Upper and Lower Canada (Ontario and Quebec).

While this distraction was underway the Irish and French of Montreal would destroy the railway at St. Ann's Bridge thus eliminating the return of troops. The real threat would be led by Brigadier Samuel P. Spear. His 16,800 men would attack Lower Canada. Brigadier Michael C. Murphy would lead his cavalry to take Cornwall and Prescott then move east to threaten Montreal. The Montreal Irish would rise to support them and French radicals would supply fresh horses which were in shortage since the American Civil War. They would then seize Pointe Levis opposite Quebec City. Fenian warships would then sail in to seal the St. Lawrence River. If Montreal and Quebec could not be taken Spear was to secure the area between the Richelieu and St. Francis Rivers. Sherbrooke would be established as their capital.

While plans were in final stages, Roberts (Chief Executive of the IRB) had a meeting with US President Andrew Johnson. It is said that the president agreed to "recognize the accomplished facts". The President ordered the release of prisoner John Mitchel, who had connections with the French Republic government and whom the IRB could make use of to raise money in France. Mitchel departed in November as the IRB's Ambassador to France.

Sweeny's plans were approved by the IRB senate on February 19th, 1866 in Pittsburgh. Following this event, a bitter O'Mahony made and carried out his own plan of attack in an attempt to regain his lost control of the IRB. A force of 1,000 Fenians led by Bernard Doran Killian entered New Brunswick from Calais and Eastport, Maine, to seize the island of Campobello. Informers had tipped the British off weeks before and they were ready. The battle was short and the Fenians utterly defeated. The British thought this was the main "raid" that was being hinted of by others and believed the threat was over. This was the 19th of April 1866.

The real event was scheduled for Thursday, 31 May 1866 and new problems arose. On the scheduled day, only 1,000 to 5,000 men could be assembled at Buffalo. Their leader Brigadier Lynch was afflicted with a fever and could not partake. Sweeny telegraphed an order for Lynch's adjutant, Colonel Sherwin to go to Buffalo and take command, but he could not arrive until late in the day of June 1st. Sweeny then ordered Hynes to appoint the senior officer as acting Brigadier and commence the attack. Colonel's John Hoy of the 7th Reg't of Buffalo, Owen Starr of the 17th Reg't of Louisville, John Grace of the 18th Reg't of Cleveland and John O'Neill of the 13th Reg't of Nashville were present. Co. Monaghan born John O'Neill was the senior officer and took command.

On the 1st of June, at 3:15 in the morning, Owen Starr (a cavalry officer) led his men across the river and proceeded to Fort Erie to capture the railroad depot. Their advance was detected and nine cars were steamed away by four engines prior to their arrival. They did take Fort Erie which was manned by only six members of the Royal Canadian Rifles. Starr raised the tricolour, the present day flag of the Irish Republic, at Fort Erie.

O'Neill's force was across by dawn and busily setting up an HQ at Frenchman's Creek. He took the day to rest his men, thus losing the element of surprise. By 5:00 in the afternoon Hoy's men were detected by military scouts near Chippewa.

Within a few hours the British had 400 regular troops, 6 field guns and 1,115 militia men dispatched. On the following day, June 2nd, they were joined by 1,000 men from Port Colborne in Stevensville. Another 100 men from the Welland Canal Field Battery and the Dunnville Naval Brigade took a tug around Fort Erie to cut off any possiblility of a Fenian retreat across the Niagara River.

At 3:00 in the morning of June 3rd, O'Neill's troops were on the move towards Port Colborne. A battle ensued a few miles north of Ridgeway. O'Neill prepared an ambush. Starr's men were to begin the conflict and retreat, drawing the British into the trap. The firing began at 8:00 AM with 10 companies of the Queen's Own Rifles. They saw the scouts, heard a bugle call and expected cavalry, so they formed squares. O'Neill had his men fix bayonets and screaming "Fág an Bealach!" ("Clear the way!"), they charged on foot. The British retreated all they way to Port Colborne chased partway by Starr.

O'Neill once again rested while the British forces at Stevensville rose to 101 officers and 1,841 men. At the same time Lt.Gen. U.S.Grant was in Buffalo closing the border preventing Sherwin's 4,000 Fenian troops from crossing and supporting O'Neill. The Welland Field Battery and Dunnville Naval Brigade took Fort Erie back. They were then confronted by Hoy's men, retreating to Fort Erie and the Fort change hands once again after the IRA Lt. Col Michael Bailey had been shot under a white flag of truce! Lt .Col. Stoughton Dennis who was in Command of the British forces had later faced a court martial for cowardice and desertion but was exonerated.

By the evening of June 2nd, O'Neill was surrounded by approximately 5,000 British troops. This was when O'Neill discovered that he was the only mobile force, no other Fenian forces had entered Upper Canada! Tevis hadn't even attempted, making excuses for delaying, until it was too late. Sherwin had been stopped by Grant on the US side. O'Neill began his retreat by barge across the Niagara River at 2:00 on the morning of June 3rd 1866. He was intercepted and arrested by the Captain of the American warship USS Harrison.

Many prisoners were tried in Toronto, 22 were sentenced to death. John O'Neill and his officers faced charges of violations of the neutrality laws at the Erie County Courthouse in NY. They were found guilty and sentenced. Subsequently when the "smoke cleared" they were released.

On the 6th of June, General Spear took advantage of the disorder in Upper Canada and gave the order for his men to cross into Lower Canada. Brigadier Michael C. Murphy advanced 15 miles into Lower Canada before being driven back. Spear led his 2,000 men from St. Albans to Frelighsburgh, St. Armand, Slab City and East Stanbridge. On Friday the 8th of June Col. Michael Scalan's regiment defeated the British forces at Pigeon Hill.

The promised rising of the Irish in Montreal did not happen due to the strength of the regular British forces present who were joined by 10,000 militia men and 3 warships in the harbour with their guns aimed at the Fenians. On June 9th, 1866, Spear retreated. Lt. Col. Livingston of the US 3rd Artillery Reg't gave the British permission to cross the border to capture the retreating Fenians. Some were run through with swords while he looked on. Mrs. Eccles of Vermont was accidentally shot and killed by a British soldier while she was standing on her doorstep. US citizens were outraged and Livingston was subsequently reprimanded for allowing a violation of US sovereignty.

All battles ceased and 5,166 Fenian troops were paroled in Buffalo by the 15th of June 1866.

O'Neill, the hero of the Battle of Ridgeway, was later elected President of the Senate of the IRB and attempted yet another crossing at Prescott in 1870 but failed. Yet again he made an offer to Louis Riel (fighter for the rights of the Metis in Manitoba and descendant of an Irishman (O')Rielly) at Red River and this failed also. O'Neill retired to a town on Elkhorn River which was named after him: O'Neill, Nebraska.

Some little known facts:

1. Not all the men that comprised the Fenian IRA were Irish. Records show that they were accompanied by 500 Mohawk Indians from the Cattaraugus Reservation in New York and one company of 100 African American veteran soldiers of the Union Army.

2. On the 6th of June, US President Johnson made a deal with the British, having received $15,000,000 reparation payment for losses incurred during the American Civil War as a result of the British partiality to the South. In return the US passed neutrality laws and would enforce them on the Fenians. He had successfully used the Fenians as a political bargaining tool.

The Fenians had been used as a pawn by the American government and had terribly underestimated the strength of the British (Canadian) forces. Present history refers to the attempt as "foolish" and to their leader, O'Neill, as "a fool".

NOTE 11./ Historical Perspective: The Year Was 1885

The year was 1885 and the flow of settlers to western Canada increased greatly with the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

And in Canada's North-West Territories there were rumblings of a rebellion. In what is now Saskatchewan and Alberta, three groups had grievances with the Canadian government in Ottawa. The Metis, descendants of fur traders and indigenous peoples, were concerned about legal claim to their land; white settlers were waiting for official property titles necessary to secure loans and felt their interests weren't represented; and the starving First Nations peoples who had been promised farming equipment and aid were angry that treaties weren't being observed.

The rebellion, which would only last for two months, was led by Louis Riel, a Metis who had fought for the rights of Manitoba residents during the Red River uprising in 1869-70. He formed a provisional government and armed forces. These forces clashed with government troops at Duck Lake and although the Metis claimed this first victory, the rebellion was subdued by the end of May, and Louis Riel was arrested and hung for treason.

In the United States, anti-Chinese sentiment was on the rise following the California gold rush, which had brought more than 100,000 Chinese to American shores. In September of 1885, violence erupted. In a Union Pacific Coal Mine in Rock Springs, Wyoming, there was a dispute over who had the right to work in a particularly rich area of the mine. Paid by the ton, white workers rioted, burning the Chinese quarter of town, and killing twenty-eight Chinese miners. The perpetrators were never prosecuted and Army troops had to be called in to protect those Chinese who wished to return to their homes.

In Chicago, Sarah E. Goode, a former slave, became the first African American woman to be awarded a patent from the U.S. government for her design of a “cabinet bed.” Her invention could be used as a cabinet by day, but opened into a bed for sleeping.

In June of 1885 the U.S. received a package--actually two hundred and fourteen packages. In them was the Statue of Liberty, waiting to be assembled on Bedloe’s Island. The statue would be unveiled in late October of 1886.

Great strides were made in the field of medicine in 1885, when Louis Pasteur successfully treated Joseph Meister for rabies with his new vaccine.

NOTE 12./ 1911 London City, Ontario census

Name: George Jacobs
Gender: Male
Marital Status: Married
Age: 70
Birth Date: Apr 1841
Birthplace: England
Family Number: 66
Relation to Head of House: Head
Spouse's Name: Elizabeth E
Immigration Year: 1861
Tribal: English
Province: Ontario
District: London City
District Number: 94
Sub-District Number: 42
Place of Habitation: 312 Grosvenor
Census Year: 1911
Page: 6

Household Members: Name Age
George Jacobs 70
Elizabeth E Jacobs 63
Jane W Erskine 52

George married Elizabeth Eleanor ERSKINE on 05 Feb 1867 in London, Ontario, Canada. Elizabeth (daughter of David ERSKINE and Anne J. MORRISON) was born on 22 Mar 1848 in Banbury, Oxen, (Oxfordshire), England; died on 08 Feb 1932 in London, Ontario, Canada; was buried in Woodland Cemetery, London, Ontario, Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

NOTE 1./ Letter from Marguerite Harriet Moloney, to Bob Millie, 7-27-02.

" Grandma EE Jacobs used to tell us the story about when she went to join Grandpa at his post in India at the turn of the century. A coolie was taking her in a rickshaw, to join Grandpa. When it grew dark, the coolie refused to go further. Grandma had Granpa's corn cob pipe in her knitting bag. She held the bowl in her hand, put the stem against his ribs and told the coolie to keep on going, or she would shoot him! He went on to their destination in a hurry! "

NOTE 2./ Histoical Note: The Year Was 1873

The year was 1873 and much of the world was entering into a long period of economic depression. The beginning of the Long Depression is typically marked by the crash of the Vienna stock market, which sent ripples across Europe and eventually the United States with the fall of Jay Cooke & Company. The Cooke investment bank was heavily invested in the overbuilt railroad system which was beginning to fail. With the fall of this prominent company, a financial panic ensued and the New York Stock Exchange had to close for ten days. Railroads, factories, banks, and businesses had to close their doors resulting in skyrocketing unemployment rates. The Long Depression would last into the 1890s.

There were other smaller scale disasters in 1873. The British SS Atlantic out of Liverpool (with a stop at Queenstown) hit a submerged rock en route to New York and was wrecked in heavy seas off Nova Scotia. It is estimated that 545 of the 952 passengers perished.

In Baltimore, Maryland, a fire began in the factory of Joseph Thomas and Sons and spread over ten acres of the city. Photos of the fire and aftermath can be found online at the Maryland Historical Society.

A cholera epidemic swept through Birmingham, Alabama. Below is an interesting excerpt from a report from Mortimer H. Jordan, who was secretary of the Jefferson County Medical Society of Birmingham, Alabama, at the time of the epidemic (found on the website of the Reynolds Historical Library at the University of Alabama at Birmingham).

The treatment adopted was the opium and mercurial. When the stomach seemed so inactive that nothing made any impression upon it, an emetic of mustard, salt, ginger, and pepper, suspended in hot water, in many cases produced a warm glow over the surface of the body in a few moments. . . . Diuretics produced no good results. No condition in life, sex, or age escaped. The sucking babe and those of extreme age suffered alike from its ravages.

Before closing this paper, justice demands that we should briefly allude to the heroic and self sacrificing conduct, during this epidemic, of that unfortunate class who are known as 'women of the town.' These poor creatures, though outcasts from society, anathematized by the church, despised by women and maltreated by men, when the pestilence swept over the city, came forth from their homes to nurse the sick and close the eyes of the dead. It was passing strange that they would receive no pay, expected no thanks; they only went where their presence was needed, and never remained longer than they could do good. While we abhor the degradation of these unfortunates, their magnanimous behavior during these fearful days has drawn forth our sympathy and gratitude.

Further north and west, Jesse James and the James- Younger gang robbed a Rock Island train near Adair, Iowa. This first train robbery netted the gang more than $2,300, but was most likely a disappointment for the gang. They were expecting a $100,000 gold shipment, but that shipment had been switched to another train at the last moment.

North of the border in Canada, the Dominion Parliament had more lawful goals in mind when it established the North-West Mounted Police, the predecessor of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Canada was growing and in 1873 Prince Edward Island joined the federation as Canada's smallest province.

In music, the song Home on the Range was born (Daniel Kelly & Brewster M. Higley). The tune went on to become the state song of Kansas and is known around the world.

NOTE 3./ 1891 London City, Middlesex, Ontario census,
Name: Elizabeth A Jacobs
Gender: Female
Marital Status: Married
Age: 43
Birth Year: abt 1848
Birthplace: England
Relation to Head of House: Mother
Religion: Church of England
French Canadian: No
Father's Birth Place: Ireland
Mother's Birth Place: Ireland
Province: Ontario
District Number: 89
District: London City
Subdistrict: Ward 4
Archive Roll #: T-6352

Household Members: Name Age
John T Jacobs 23
Elizabeth A Jacobs 43
Annie Jacobs 22
Mary Jacobs 20
Jane Jacobs 18
Lily Jacobs 14

NOTE 4./ The Fourth National Census, 1901

The first census of the young nation of Canada was taken in 1871, four years after four colonies became Canada. Manitoba and British Columbia joined Canada in 1870 and 1871 and therefore missed being included in the census. By 1901, the year of the fourth census, there were seven provinces, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, and British Columbia, and the Territories, a vast area that included what became Saskatchewan, Alberta, the Yukon, and Northwest Territories.

Government officials planning censuses increased the number of questions every time; for example, there were twelve columns to be completed on the form in 1891 and thirty-one in 1901. All the additional information is a benefit to genealogists, although I wish two columns from 1891 had been retained--the ones asking for the birthplaces of the individual's father and mother. Their absence is partially compensated for by the addition of questions about origin, nationality, and date of immigration. Also useful for genealogy is the addition of columns for date and place of birth, as well as another for the exact date of birth. The 1901 census also seeks information about the work or employment of each person and how much they earned.

Beginning with the name of each person enumerated, this is the list of columns:

Name of each person in household 31 March 1901
Sex
Colour
Relationship to head of household
Single, married, widowed, or divorced
Month and date of birth
Year of birth
Age at last birthday
Country or place of birth (If Canada, include province and add "r" or "u" for rural or urban.)
Year of immigration
Year of naturalization
Racial or tribal origin
Racial or tribal origin
Nationality
Religion
Profession, occupation, or trade
Living on own means
Employer, Employee, or Working on Own Account
Working at a trade in factory or in home
Months employed at trade in factory
Months employed at trade in home
Months employed in other occupation than trade in factory or home
Earnings from occupation or trade
Months at school in the year
Can read
Can write
Can speak English
Can speak French
Mother tongue
Infirmities

It is of significant interest to read the point on the 1901 form about using "r" and "u" to indicate whether the Canadian birthplace was rural or urban.

Notes:

NOTE 1./ 1851 Pickering Township, Durham County, Canada West (Ontario) census
Name: Wm Gardenier
Gender: Male
Age: 33
Estimated birth year: abt 1819
Birthplace: Whitby
Province: Canada West (Ontario)
District: Ontario County
District Number: 26
Sub-District: Pickering
Sub-District Number: 245
Page: 181
Line: 37
Roll: C_11742
Schedule: A
{Additional notation is regarding the several other "Gardinier" family surnames on this page of the census. This includes a Thomas Gardinier, age 50, shoemaker, born in Prince Edward County, Upper Canada (UC). His wife is Deborah and there are no children enumerated. All of these Gardiniers were Methodists. Prince Edward County is on the east end of Lake Ontario located east to west back towards Toronto: Prince Edward>Northumberland>Durham>Ontario>York County et al }

NOTE 2./ 1861 Nottawasaga Twp, Simcoe <>

DIV PG LN LAST NAME FIRST NAME AGE
2 58 23 Gardner W.F. 43
2 58 24 Gardner Susan 40
2 58 25 Gardner Maria 19
2 58 26 Gardner Isaac 17
2 58 27 Gardner Serepta 15
2 58 28 Gardner Robert 13
2 58 29 Gardner Emilie 11
2 58 30 Gardner David 9
2 58 31 Gardner Rachel 7
2 58 32 Gardner Elizabeth 5
2 58 33 Gardner Amanda 3

NOTE 3./ 1881 Census Place: Melancthon, Grey East, Ontario, Canada : Source: FHL Film 1375897 NAC C-13261 Dist 155 SubDist E Div 1 Page 42 Family 209

Sex Marr Age Origin Birthplace
William GARDENER M M 63 English Ontario
Occ: Farmer Religion: I E Methodist
Agnes GARDENER F M 35 English Ontario
Religion: I E Methodist
Araminta GARDENER F 14 English Ontario
Religion: I E Methodist
Margret GARDENER F 11 English Ontario
Religion: I E Methodist
William GARDENER M 6 English Ontario
Religion: I E Methodist
Martha GARDENER F <1 English Ontario
Religion: I E Methodist Born: Sep; 7/12

Name: Gardener, WilliamSex: MAge: 63Place of Birth: OntarioReligion: I. Meth. E.Ethnic Origin: EnglishOccupation: FarmerProvince: OntarioDistrict: Grey East (155)Sub-district: Melancthon (E)Page: 42Microfilm: C-13261Reference: RG31 - Statistics Canada

NOTE 4./ Emigration between 1876-1880, from Manvers, Durham East, Ont. to Melancthon, Grey East, Ontario determined from the children's Registration records. First from marriage record of son, WF (William) Gardiner to Charlotte Dunn on April 20, 1898. Note birth location of Bethany, Port Hope (Durham-Northumberland)

Name: W F Gardiner
Birth Place: Bethany Port Hope
Age: 22
Father Name: William Gardiner
Mother Name: Agnes Gardiner
Estimated birth year: abt 1876
Spouse Name: Charlotte Dunn
Spouse's Age: 20
Spouse Birth Place: London Ontario
Spouse Father Name: Rebecca Dunn
Spouse Mother Name : William Dunn

Add into this relocation hypothesis, the Birth Registration for next in line child born, Martha Jane Gardiner:
Name: Martha Jane Gardiner
Date of Birth: 7 Sep 1880
Gender: Female
Birth County: Melancthon, Grey County, Ontario
Father's name: William Gardiner
Mother's name: Agnes Sisson
Roll Number: MS929_43

Note only do these two comparisons range the Gardiner family move across four Ontario counties, but also provide the second reference to William Gardiners wife's maiden name of Sisson. This is the second of those.
Name: Lodicea Gardiner
Date of Birth: 11 Oct 1872
Gender: Female
Location: Northumberland & Durham County, Ontario
Father's name: William Fitch Gardiner
Mother's name: Agnes Sisson
Roll Number: MS929_7

William married Agnes SISSON on 02 Jul 1866 in Manvers Township, Northumberland and Durham County, Ontario. Agnes (daughter of William SISSON and Margaret MORPHET) was born on 10 Mar 1848 in Manvers Township, Durham County (until 1973), Victoria County, Ontario; died after 1881 in Melancthon, Grey East, Ontario. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

NOTE 1./ 1841 Hanworth Middlesex England census,
Name Estimated Birth Year Birthplace Civil Parish County/Island
John Jacobs abt 1801 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex
Mary Jacobs abt 1803 Hanworth Middlesex
Katherine Jacobs abt 1837 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex
Phoebe Jacobs abt 1839 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex
George Jacobs abt 1841 Middlesex, England Hanworth Middlesex.

1841 Census Hanworth in Pantile Row (LDS film HO/107/718)
John Jacobs aged 40 Born In County
Mary Jacobs aged 38
Katherine Jacobs aged 4
Phoebe Jacobs aged 2
George Jacobs aged 6 weeks

NOTE 2./

1851 Census Hanworth (LDS film HO/107/1696)
John Jacobs Head m aged 51 Ag Lab born Hanworth
Mary Jacobs Wife m aged 47 born Hants Old Basing
George Jacobs son aged 9 born Hanworth
Henry Jacobs son aged 6 born Hanworth
Edward Jacobs son aged 3 born Hanworth
Elizabeth Craft stepdau aged 24 born Hampton
Joseph Craft Stepson aged 19 Ag Lab born Hanworth
Mary Foster Stepdau aged 27 born Hampton
William Foster Step grandson aged 6 weeks born Hounslow

NOTE 3 ./ John Jacobs m Mary Crafts, widow c 1836 (1851 Census)

NOTE 4./ Middlesex 1861 Census <>
RG 9/762-802 Middlesex 1861
Staines R.D.762-765
Ashford, Cranford, East Bedfont, Feltham, Hanworth, Harlington, Harmondsworth, Laleham, Littleton, Shepperton, Staines, Stanwell, Sunbury.

Name Estimated Birth Year Birthplace Relationship Civil Parish County/Island
John Jacobs 1800 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Head Hanworth Berkshire
Mary A Jacobs 1804 Old Basing, Hampshire, England Wife Hanworth Berkshire
Henry Jacobs 1845 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth Berkshire
Edward Jacobs 1848 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth Berkshire

NOTE 5./ : Search of the 1881 UK census for Greater London (England), Middlesex, for John Jacobs, with a wife named Mary Ann. The interesting result is that of the census location. This matches the information that I have for the birthplace of George Jacobs as Hanworth, Middlesex, England. However, this DOES NOT MATCH the 1851 Hanworth, Middlesex, information that has been applied to family tree.
Dwelling:
Census Place: Hanworth, Middlesex, England, 1881
Source: FHL Film 1341322 PRO Ref RG11 Piece 1326 Folio 111 Page 1
Marr Age Sex Birthplace
John JACOB M 58 M Hanworth, Middlesex, England
Rel: Head
Occ: Bricklayer
Mary Ann JACOB M 58 F Island Of Corfu (British Subject BSA), Greece
Rel: Wife
Augusta Julie JACOB U 21 F Hanworth, Middlesex, England
Rel: Daughter
Occ: Assistant Mistress
George Thom. WICKS 6 M Hanworth, Middlesex, England

John married Mary Ann VICKERS about 1836 in Hanworth, Middlesex, England. Mary was born in 1801 in Hants, Old Basing, Middlesex County, England; died in Dec 1863 in Staines, Hanworth, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

NOTE 1./ 1851 England Census

Name Estimated Birth Year Birthplace Relationship Civil Parish County/Island

John Jacobs abt 1800 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Head Hanworth Middlesex
Mary Jacobs abt 1804 Old Basing, Hampshire, England Wife Hanworth Middlesex
Elizabeth Craft abt 1827 Hampton, Middlesex, England Stepdaughter Hanworth Middlesex
Joseph Craft abt 1832 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Stepson Hanworth Middlesex
Mary Foster abt 1824 Hampton, Middlesex, England Stepdaughter Hanworth Middlesex
William Foster abt 1850 Hounslow, Middlesex, England Step Grandson Hanworth Middlesex
Edward Jacobs abt 1848 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth Middlesex
George Jacobs abt 1842 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth Middlesex
Henry Jacobs abt 1845 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth Middlesex

NOTE 2./ 1861 England census Hanworth, Middlesex

Name Parent or spouse names Birth Year Birthplace Relation RESIDENCE

John Jacobs Mary A abt 1800 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Head Hanworth, Middlesex
Mary A Jacobs John abt 1804 Old Basing, Hampshire, England Wife Hanworth, Middlesex
Henry Jacobs John, Mary A abt 1845 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth, Middlesex
Edward Jacobs John, Mary A abt 1848 Hanworth, Middlesex, England Son Hanworth, Middlesex
Edward Jacobs son aged 3 born Hanworth
Elizabeth Craft stepdau aged 24 born Hampton
Joseph Craft Stepson aged 19 Ag Lab born Hanworth
Mary Foster Stepdau aged 27 born Hampton
William Foster Step grandson aged 6 weeks born Hounslow

Notes:

NOTE 1./ 1851 Caradoc Twp , Middlesex Census: from the Ontario Gen Web Project at
<>

DIV PG LN HS SURNAME FIRST SEX AGE MAR RESIDENCE BIRTH RELIGION OCCUPATION REMARKS
1 11 43 85 Erskine David M 47 M R 2 Lot 21 Ireland CofEngland Farmer
1 11 44 85 Erskine Ann J. (Anne) F 26 M Ireland CofEngland
1 11 45 85 Erskine Mary Janis F 5 S England CofEngland
1 11 46 85 Erskine Elizabeth Elenor F 4 S England CofEngland
1 11 47 85 Erskine David Mordon (Morson) M 2 S Canada CofEngland
1 11 48 85 Erskine Benjamin M 1 S Canada CofEngland
1 11 49 85 Erskine John M 36 S DelawRe Ireland CofEngland Weaver

An closer investigation of the actual 1851 census image provides that David had 6 family members in his household, and they all lived in a Log house. They seemed to have faired just about as well as their neighbours, 3 others of whom resided in the same type of dwelling, while there was one frame house, one brick house and one frame shanty according to the enumerator. RAM

NOTE 2./ ERSKINE 1861 census district 243; @ca.on.middlesex.london_township
Surname Given Age
ERSKINE David 56
ERSKINE Ann 34
ERSKINE David 11
ERSKINE Mary 4
ERSKINE Elizabeth 13
ERSKINE Jane 2
ERSKINE Robert 7
ERSKINE William 1
source: OGS London-Middlesex Branch publication #222 1861 Census Middlesex - London Township: Surnames A-L

NOTE 3./ 1871 London, Middlesex, Ontario census

Name Birth Year Birth Place Home in 1871
David Erskine abt 1803 Ireland London, Middlesex East, Ontario
Anne Erskine abt 1826 Ireland London, Middlesex East, Ontario
David Erskine abt 1851 Ontario London, Middlesex East, Ontario
Robert Erskine abt 1855 Ontario London, Middlesex East, Ontario
Mary Erskine abt 1858 Ontario London, Middlesex East, Ontario
Jane Erskine abt 1859 Ontario London, Middlesex East, Ontario
Harry Erskine abt 1864 Ontario London, Middlesex East, Ontario

NOTE 4./ Nissouri Township <>
Believed to have been named for an Indian word meaning "gurgling waters". Split into West Nissouri (Middlesex County) & East Nissouri (Oxford County) in 1851

NOTE 5./ The Canadian County Didital Atlas Project: Full record for Erskine, David <>

Last Name Erskine
First Name David
Nativity Canada
Business Carpenter; Builder
Year Settled 1877
Post Office London
Township London
County Middlesex
Atlas Date 1878
Concession: I
Lot: 7

NOTE 6./ Historical Note: The Year Was 1818

The year was 1818 and the Convention of 1818decided the northern boundary of the United States and the southern boundary of Canada as being the 49th parallel, between the Lake of the Woods in Minnesota and the Rocky Mountains. The land west of the Rockies was under joint control of the U.S. and Britain. That boundary was settled in 1846 with the Oregon Treaty.

South of 49th parallel, Illinois was admitted as the twenty-first state. Initially the northern boundary was set just below the southern end of Lake Michigan, but at a population of around 36,000, Illinois was short of the necessary 60,000 minimum required for statehood. Illinois Congressional delegate, Nathaniel Pope, suggested that it would make better sense to move the boundary northward to include the City of Chicago and the area upon which the I & M Canal would be built, connecting the Great Lakes with the Mississippi River, and from there the Gulf of Mexico.

In the South, the First Seminole War resulted from the escalation of conflicts between the Seminoles and settlers who were moving into Seminole territory. The Seminoles provided a sanctuary for escaped slaves and this provided additional fuel for the fire. Andrew Jackson pursued the Seminoles into Florida, which was then under Spanish control. His victory led to the accession of Florida to the U.S. the following year.

In the Ohio River Valley, an epidemic of what was commonly called "milk sick" broke out and in October it claimed Abraham Lincoln's mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln. At the time, the illness was attributed to many things, but only a few suspected the real culprit. It wasn't until the early 1900s that it was determined that milk from cows that had eaten snakeroot caused the illness. By then it had claimed many other victims, the majority of them infants.

In literature, a young Mary Shelley's most famous book-- Frankenstein--was published. 1818 also marked the first time the Christmas hymn Silent Night was sung in the small Austrian village of Oberndorf.

David married Anne J. MORRISON on 13 Nov 1845 in Portadown, Seagoe, County Armagh, Ireland. Anne (daughter of Benjamin MORRISON and Mary A. UNKNOWN) was born on 23 Mar 1828 in Portadown, Parish of Dumcree, Armagh, Ireland; died on 05 Jan 1883 in London, Ontario, Canada; was buried on 07 Jan 1883 in Woodland Cemetery, London, MX-152-6. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

NOTE 1./ e-mail from Dana Erskine 10-28-2003 re Woodland cemetery inquiry

Hi Dana,
As I mentioned earlier, we do not keep records regarding how each person is related. However, I was able to piece some information together from the stone. It appears the dates you have are correct, but the pieces of the puzzle are not put together correctly. David died February 29, 1880 and was buried in the cemetery of St. Pauls Cathedral March 2, 1880. Once Woodland opened, everyone in the old cemetery was transferred here. He was moved here with two other family members in May of 1883. The stone says his wife was Anne, who died January 5, 1883.
As far as Mary, I have three listed. Mary A. Morrison, who died April 1, 1857, was the wife of Benjamin Morrison.
# 2 Mary Erskine, died May of 1856, was only a child of about 9.
# 3, Mary Erskine died August of 1875 at 18. The way the records are worded, I believe she was never married.

NOTE 2./ 1881 Census
Census Place: Ward 6, London, Middlesex, Ontario, Canada : Source: FHL Film 1375906 NAC C-13270 Dist 170 SubDist F Div 1 Page 24 Family 109
Sex Marr Age Origin Birthplace Occ: Religion:
George JACOBS M M 39 English England Policeman Church of England
Elizabeth JACOBS F M 33 English England Church of England
John JACOBS M 13 English O Church of England
Ann JACOBS F 12 English O Church of England
Minnie JACOBS F 10 English England Church of England
Jennie JACOBS F 8 English England Church of England
Lilly JACOBS F 4 Irish Ireland Church of England
Ann ERSTINE F W 53 Irish Ireland Church of England
Jane ERSTINE F 22 Irish O Church of England

NOTE 3./ Ontario Death Registration

Name: Ann Erskine
Death Date: 5 Jan 1883
Death Location: Middlesex
Gender: Female
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1828
Birth Location: Ireland

Notes:

Birth:
Hallowell, Prince Edward, Ontario

David married Rachel Ladner GOLDSMITH on 28 Apr 1800 in St Paul'S Church, Fredericksburgh Twp, Lennox And Addington, Ontario. Rachel (daughter of Captain Thomas GOLDSMITH and Ascenath CONGER) was born on 30 Nov 1784 in Piscataway, Union, County, New Jersey; died on 17 Oct 1861 in Hallowell, Prince Edward County, Ontario. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

NOTE 1./ Durham County, Ontario Census, 1861, Name: William Sisson
Place: Manvers
Gender: m (Male)
Occupation: farmer
Birth Place: England
Age: 41
STATUS: m
Film: C-1017
Number: 13
Page: 45

William married Margaret MORPHET on 06 Jan 1846 in St. John's Anglican Church, Ida, Cavan, Durham County, Ontario. Margaret (daughter of Edmond MORPHET and Agnes UNKNOWN) was born on 09 Jan 1825 in Giggleswick, Craven, Yorkshire, England; died on 06 Jan 1871 in Manvers Township, Durham County, Canada West. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]