| Notes |
- Elizabeth Smith married
1. Wm. Lawrence.1
2. Philip de Carteret, 1st colonial governor of N.J., &
3. Richard Townley of N.J.
. Sir George Carteret was a favourite courtier of James.II, he being very gallant & loyal, & had defended the Isle of Jersey against the Long Parliament.
1681 April - Gov. Andros declared himself (Dutch) governor of New Jersey & escorted Carteret back to Elizabethown, warning him not to govern. Instead of fighting for his office, Townley began building a new brick home for a rich widow, Elizabeth Smith Lawrence of Long Island, mother of 7 children, as his bride. Before the wedding, he signed probably the 1st prenuptial agreement in NY promising that her Estate would go to her sons. They married in Apr 1681. Gov. Andros left for England & Philip resumed his governorship. He died of his injuries a year later, at only 43 years.
Gov. Carteret died a year later of his injuries encountered when the Dutch Gov. of New York, Gov. Andros had Carteret pull from his bed, beat & hauled off to NY.
. .1682 WILL of Philip Carteret:
I bequeth unto my most dear & beloving wife, Elizabeth Cartert, all my housed, buildings, in American.
Unto my mother, Widow Rachel Carteret, if she be yet living, all that my manner house, edifice & buildings, with all my lands, tenements & hereditaments with the Island of Jersey, England.... then to be divided amongst my brothers & sisters.
... There shall be yearly forever paid out of my Estate in the island of Jersey, two quarters of wheat to the poor in the parish of St. Peters.
Signed, Ph. Carteret, 10 Dec. 1682.
DNA testing links 300-year-old remains of a baby to a Colonial Md. Governor:
2016 Oct 16 - The surviving pieces of the baby's skull are paper thin in places. There are holes in the cranium. The infant has the classic "rosary bead" rib deformities of the ancient childhood disease rickets. Some of the bones with the tiny skeleton on the Smithsonian lab table also show evidence of anemia. The infant probably had scurvy, from a lack of vitamin C.
Much is known about the 6-month-old who died in Maryland 300 years ago & was buried in a small lead-covered coffin. Yet there is no record of the child's death or birth. No one knew for certain who the infant was. No one knew if the baby was a boy or girl. Now, almost 26 years after the coffin was unearthed in St. Mary's County, experts at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History have learned that the baby was a boy & the offspring of an important colonial governor of Maryland, Philip Calvert.
The development is the latest in the long-running archaeological project at St. Mary's City - once the capital of Maryland & now a community of the dead where scientists have been digging on & off since the 1930s. The discovery came about through new genetic testing done at Harvard Medical School at the request of the Smithsonian.
The baby, whose full name still is not known, is one of hundreds of early Marylanders buried in a large field where the old city once stood, according to the Smithsonian & the Historic St. Mary's City project.
The Maryland colony was established at St. Mary's in 1634, & the field was its cemetery almost from the beginning, said Silas Hurry, the project's curator of collections. In this case, DNA from an ear bone of the baby was matched to DNA from a shin bone of Calvert, a political, legal & diplomatic figure in early Maryland. His remains & those of his first wife, Anne, also in lead-covered coffins, were exhumed amid great fanfare, along with the baby's, in the early 1990s from the site of a long-vanished Jesuit chapel. DNA from the bones of Philip Calvert & the baby, but not from Anne. She was probably not the baby's mother anyhow: Indications were that she had died before the infant was born.
Reich said in a telephone interview that, after testing, he was able to tell the male adult & the child have a father-son relationship.
The Calverts were Colonial elite. Philip Calvert owned 3,900 acres of land. In the late 1670s, he built a spectacular house in St. Mary's named St. Peters, Miller said. The house had a wine cellar as well as a large library with books on astronomy, medicine & law. Now gone, the house "was the size of the Governor's Palace at Williamsburg," Miller said. "At the time, it was the largest private home in Colonial America." The Calverts were buried in expensive wooden coffins encased in sheets of lead that were shipped from England in the late 1670s.
The man, in his 50s, was badly decomposed. He turned out to be Philip Calvert. The remains of the baby showed that it had been very sick.
"I wasn't sure if it was a little boy or a little girl, & suspected it was a little girl," Owsley said in a recent interview. He wondered whether it was Philip Calvert's child, but wasn't certain. Anne's bones were well preserved, along with sprigs of the memorial herb rosemary, bits of a silk ribbon that may have been used to bind her wrists for burial & much of her hair. She was in her 60s. An examination showed that her right thigh bone had been badly broken at some point in her life. The gruesome break had not healed properly & had become infected, leaving a hole in the bone & shortening her right leg by 3 inches.
In addition, she had lost all but 8 of her teeth, in part from scrubbing them with the 17th century's version of toothpaste: a mix of vinegar & tobacco ash. "The ash ... is going to wear away the enamel," Owsley said. "The vinegar is an acid, so it's destroying the tooth surface."
After Anne died in 1678 or 1679, Philip Calvert married a young local woman named Jane Sewell. He thinks that the infant may have been their son.
Evidence suggests that the baby was probably born around November 1682, he said. 2 months later, in January 1683, Calvert died, leaving Jane with a big house …& a sick child.
After the baby's birth, swaddling had probably blocked the infant's exposure to sunlight, which led to a vitamin D deficiency & rickets, Owsley said.
Scurvy, from the vitamin C deficiency, often went along with rickets. The anemia probably came from intentional bloodletting, which was done by physicians of that time to treat disorders. The baby died about 3 months after his father, in the spring of 1683, judging by the pine & oak pollen in the coffin.
A year or so later, Sewell, having lost her husband & perhaps her baby son, left Maryland & moved to England with relatives, bidding farewell to the 3 graves in the small brick chapel. She never returned & never remarried, said Kari Bruwelheide, a Smithsonian anthropologist who worked on the project. In 1695, the Maryland capital was moved to Annapolis. St. Mary's City was abandoned. The wooden buildings crumbled. The settlement became a ghost town in the Colonial wilderness. The occupants, for the time being, will remain at the Smithsonian, where the experts hope to learn even more about the lives they led so long ago.
Ref: Washington Post Newspaper.
Research & transcriptions by PJ Ahlberg. Thank you. - - - [1]
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Abt 1623 - 1682 (59 years)